萊(lai)科斯今(jin)天給大家科普一下，自己家里安(an)裝太陽能(neng)光伏(fu)發電(dian)(dian)站(zhan)的話，是(shi)并網(wang)還是(shi)離網(wang)，需不需要蓄電(dian)(dian)池?

簡單的(de)來說，離網光伏 電(dian)(dian)(dian)站(zhan)(zhan)是(shi)把太陽(yang)能(neng)(neng)發(fa)(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)儲(chu)存到蓄(xu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池，然后通過逆(ni)(ni)變器轉換成家(jia)(jia)(jia)用(yong)的(de)220V電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)。并網電(dian)(dian)(dian)站(zhan)(zhan)從名(ming)字也能(neng)(neng)大(da)概理(li)解(jie)，它(ta)指(zhi)的(de)是(shi)和(he)市電(dian)(dian)(dian)連(lian)接在一起，并網光伏發(fa)(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)站(zhan)(zhan)沒有電(dian)(dian)(dian)能(neng)(neng)儲(chu)存裝(zhuang)置，直接通過逆(ni)(ni)變器轉換成國家(jia)(jia)(jia)電(dian)(dian)(dian)網需要(yao)的(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)要(yao)求，并優先(xian)供(gong)家(jia)(jia)(jia)庭(ting)(ting)使(shi)用(yong)，家(jia)(jia)(jia)庭(ting)(ting)用(yong)不(bu)完的(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)可以賣給國家(jia)(jia)(jia)。目前(qian)國家(jia)(jia)(jia)政策支持，正在大(da)力扶持太陽(yang)能(neng)(neng)光伏發(fa)(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)，家(jia)(jia)(jia)庭(ting)(ting)光伏發(fa)(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)站(zhan)(zhan)只要(yao)發(fa)(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)，都會(hui)有國家(jia)(jia)(jia)補貼(tie)。不(bu)過并網的(de)話要(yao)先(xian)跟當地國家(jia)(jia)(jia)電(dian)(dian)(dian)網部門(men)申(shen)請，安裝(zhuang)前(qian)也別(bie)忘了使(shi)用(yong)萊科斯的(de)EL檢測儀檢測是(shi)否(fou)有隱裂，隱裂可是(shi)會(hui)極大(da)的(de)影響發(fa)(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)效率(lv)與使(shi)用(yong)壽命的(de)。

第一、并網光伏發電站

并(bing)網，就是(shi)必須(xu)連接到(dao)公共電(dian)(dian)網，就是(shi)太陽能(neng)(neng)(neng)發(fa)(fa)電(dian)(dian)、家(jia)庭電(dian)(dian)網、公共電(dian)(dian)網聯系在一起了(le)，這是(shi)必須(xu)依賴現(xian)有電(dian)(dian)網才能(neng)(neng)(neng)運行的(de)(de)發(fa)(fa)電(dian)(dian)系統(tong)。主要由太陽能(neng)(neng)(neng)電(dian)(dian)池板(ban)和逆變器(qi)組成(cheng)(cheng)，太陽能(neng)(neng)(neng)電(dian)(dian)池板(ban)發(fa)(fa)出直接經(jing)逆變器(qi)轉換成(cheng)(cheng)220V交流電(dian)(dian)并(bing)給家(jia)用(yong)電(dian)(dian)器(qi)供電(dian)(dian)，當太陽能(neng)(neng)(neng)的(de)(de)發(fa)(fa)電(dian)(dian)量超(chao)過(guo)(guo)家(jia)用(yong)電(dian)(dian)器(qi)使(shi)用(yong)的(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)量時(shi)，多余的(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)就輸送到(dao)了(le)公共電(dian)(dian)網;而當太陽能(neng)(neng)(neng)的(de)(de)發(fa)(fa)電(dian)(dian)量不能(neng)(neng)(neng)滿足家(jia)用(yong)電(dian)(dian)器(qi)使(shi)用(yong)時(shi)，就自動從(cong)電(dian)(dian)網中補(bu)充(chong)。而這整個過(guo)(guo)程都是(shi)智能(neng)(neng)(neng)控(kong)制的(de)(de)，不需要人工操作。

由于這種光伏發(fa)電(dian)(dian)系(xi)統不需要使用蓄(xu)電(dian)(dian)池，也就大(da)大(da)節(jie)(jie)省了(le)成本。特(te)別是(shi)國家已(yi)經(jing)發(fa)布的(de)并網新政策(ce)已(yi)經(jing)明(ming)確表示，家庭光伏電(dian)(dian)站可以免費入網，多(duo)余的(de)電(dian)(dian)還可以賣給電(dian)(dian)力公司。從投資的(de)長遠角(jiao)度(du)，按家庭光伏電(dian)(dian)站25年的(de)使用壽命計(ji)算，6-10年左右可以回(hui)收(shou)成本，剩下的(de)十幾(ji)年就是(shi)賺到的(de)。因此，如果(guo)想節(jie)(jie)省電(dian)(dian)費開支且電(dian)(dian)力供應方便的(de)話，就選擇并網太陽能發(fa)電(dian)(dian)系(xi)統，這也是(shi)目前主流(liu)的(de)方式。

但(dan)是(shi)，并(bing)網(wang)(wang)也(ye)(ye)有其(qi)缺點，就是(shi)當公共電網(wang)(wang)斷電時，光伏發電也(ye)(ye)不能運(yun)行(xing)。但(dan)是(shi)如果把其(qi)中(zhong)的并(bing)網(wang)(wang)逆變(bian)器換(huan)成(cheng)智(zhi)能微網(wang)(wang)逆變(bian)器(并(bing)網(wang)(wang)與離網(wang)(wang)混合逆變(bian)器)，電站(zhan)就可以正常運(yun)轉。

那么，怎(zen)么才可以將(jiang)白天發的(de)電(dian)力儲存起來(lai)晚(wan)上(shang)用(yong)嗎?這需要添加控制(zhi)器和(he)蓄電(dian)池(chi)等，白天控制(zhi)器將(jiang)光伏所發的(de)電(dian)力儲存在蓄電(dian)池(chi)中，晚(wan)上(shang)控制(zhi)器將(jiang)蓄電(dian)池(chi)所儲電(dian)力釋(shi)放出來(lai)供照(zhao)明使用(yong)。

第二、

這也(ye)被叫做(zuo)(zuo)獨(du)立光伏發電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)站，是(shi)不依賴電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)網而獨(du)立運(yun)行(xing)的(de)發電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)系統，主要(yao)(yao)有(you)(you)太陽能電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)板(ban)、儲(chu)能蓄電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)、充放電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)控制器、逆(ni)變器等部件組成。太陽能電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)板(ban)發出的(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)直(zhi)接流(liu)入(ru)蓄電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)并儲(chu)存起來(lai)，需(xu)要(yao)(yao)給電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)器供電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)時(shi)，蓄電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)里的(de)直(zhi)流(liu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)經逆(ni)變器并轉(zhuan)換成220V的(de)交流(liu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)，這是(shi)一個(ge)重復循環(huan)的(de)充放電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)過程。這種發電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)系統由于不受地(di)域(yu)的(de)限制，使(shi)用很廣泛，只要(yao)(yao)有(you)(you)陽光照射的(de)地(di)方就可以安裝使(shi)用，因此非常(chang)適合(he)于偏遠無電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)網地(di)區(qu)、孤島、漁(yu)船、戶外養殖基地(di)等，也(ye)可以做(zuo)(zuo)為(wei)經常(chang)停電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)地(di)區(qu)的(de)應急發電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)設備(bei)。

這種系統由于必須配備蓄(xu)電(dian)池，且占據了發電(dian)系統30-50%的成(cheng)本(ben)。而(er)且蓄(xu)電(dian)池的使(shi)用(yong)壽命一般都在3-5年，過后(hou)又得(de)更(geng)換，這更(geng)是(shi)增加(jia)了使(shi)用(yong)成(cheng)本(ben)。而(er)經濟性(xing)來說，很難得(de)到大范圍的推廣(guang)使(shi)用(yong)，因此(ci)不(bu)適合用(yong)電(dian)方便的地方使(shi)用(yong)。

但對于(yu)無電(dian)(dian)網(wang)地(di)(di)(di)區(qu)(qu)或經(jing)常停電(dian)(dian)地(di)(di)(di)區(qu)(qu)家(jia)庭來說，又具(ju)有很強(qiang)的實用(yong)性。特別是單純(chun)為了解決停電(dian)(dian)時的照明問(wen)題，可以(yi)采(cai)用(yong)直流節能燈，非常實用(yong)。因此(ci)，離網(wang)發電(dian)(dian)系統是專門針對無電(dian)(dian)網(wang)地(di)(di)(di)區(qu)(qu)或經(jing)常停電(dian)(dian)地(di)(di)(di)區(qu)(qu)場所使(shi)用(yong)的。

簡(jian)單(dan)的說(shuo)：并網不需要蓄(xu)電(dian)池，離網要蓄(xu)電(dian)池。

萊科斯致力于光(guang)伏(fu)檢(jian)測(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)設備的(de)研發生產與銷售，包括的(de)太陽能電(dian)池片EL檢(jian)測(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)儀，太陽能組(zu)件(jian)EL檢(jian)測(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)儀，光(guang)伏(fu)電(dian)站組(zu)件(jian)現(xian)場檢(jian)測(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)用(yong)的(de)便攜式EL檢(jian)測(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)儀，可以更好的(de)包括質(zhi)量(liang)，確保組(zu)件(jian)使用(yong)壽命(ming)！